Duty to Intervene [TX]

Course Preview

Course Author(s)

Ben Kontaxes J.D.

Course Summary

Overall General Course Goal(s):
Goal 1: to comprehend the concept of “duty to intervene” and to understand the effect of failing to take appropriate action.
Goal 2: Review the basis of Constitutional use of force – Graham v Connor.
Goal 3: Discuss the consequences of any failure to intervene.
Goal 4: To make officers aware of the Duty to Intervene laws that have been passed by their state legislatures.

Learning Objectives:

  • To review case law, case examples, and case outcomes to help officers understand the importance of a duty to intervene.
  • To comprehend the potential consequences of failing to intervene.
  • SUMMARY

    As a law enforcement officer, you have sworn an oath to support and defend the Constitution and defend the rights of your fellow citizens.  

    In recent years, many advocates have successfully pushed States to enact duty to intervene statutes. However, as a matter of federal constitutional law, an officer’s duty to intervene has existed for decades. 

    That responsibility may require you to intervene if you have the unfortunate circumstance of observing another officer violate a citizen’s constitutionally protected rights. 

    As there is a Constitutional Duty to intervene, a junior officer may be faced with the possibility of having to confront a superior, or a less experienced officer may have to intervene if a long-time member of the department is engaging in unlawful or Unconstitutional activity.

    Subordinate officers have a duty to the Constitution. That duty is superior to any personal feelings that one might have toward another officer.

    This course will explain case law, case examples, and case outcomes to help every officer to understand the importance of this material.

    This course emphasizes again, and again, that all law enforcement officials have an affirmative duty to intervene to protect the constitutionally protected rights of citizens from infringement by other law enforcement officers in their presence, including when any constitutional violation has been committed by a law enforcement official.

    Course Syllabus

    • Module 1 - Introduction

      • Course Goals and Objectives
      • Duty to Intervene is LAW
      • Bad Example
      • Illegal Search of Car
      • First Officer Arrested Under New Law
      • Assessment
    • Module 2 - Excessive Force

      • Constitutional Use of Force, Graham v Connor
      • Graham v Connor, U.S. Supreme Court View
      • S.A.R.F.
      • S.A.R.F. Continued
      • Assessment
    • Module 3 - Actions and Consequences

      • Tactics, Training, Policy and Law
      • Constitutional Standard
      • Officer Liability
      • Torres-Rivera v O'Neill-Cancel
      • Torres-Rivera v O'Neill-Cancel - Continued
      • Duty to Intervene
      • 7th Circuit Pattern Jury Instruction
      • Practical Considerations
      • Anatomy of a Duty to Intervene Case
      • The Legal Standard
      • Texas Laws S.B. 69 and S.B. 2212
      • Assessment
    • Module 4 - Final Assessment

      • Final Assessment